Scandinavian Gambling Files: Sweden

Sweden

Key figures

Swedish krona, SEK

1 US Dollar =3D 10.38860 Swedish Krona as of August 6, 2001.
1 US Dollar =3D 1.13165 Euro as of August 6, 2001

Sweden is one of the 15 member states of the European Union. The country, however will not adopt the Euro, the European monetary unit. The 12 countries that will introduce the Euro on January 1, 2002, are Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain and the Netherlands.

Population: 8,873,052 (July 2000 est.)

Age Structure:
0-14 years: 18% (male 837,358; female 794,774)
15-64 years: 64% (male 2,901,809; female 2,805,138)
65 years and over: 18% (male 648,865; female 885,108) (2000 est.)

GDP: purchasing power parity - $184 billion (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 4.1% (1999) and 3.6 % (2000 calculated)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $23.000 (1999) and $24,300 (2000 calculated)

Internet Sweden's Internet users spend, of all European countries, the longest time logged on (averaging 12 minutes per day), and according to the SCB (Swedish Statistics Bureau), 62.2 percent (age12-79 years old) used the Internet during June, 2001.

The National Gaming Board

Lotteri Inspektionen is the Swedish National Gaming Board. In Sweden, lotteries and horse racing are regulated in the Lotteries Act (1994:1000) and the Casino Act (1999:335). There have been two major changes to the act, in 1997 and 1999 (1996:1168 and 1999:358), mainly concerning gambling machines. International casinos were allowed in 1999 and are separately regulated in the Casino Act.

In July 2000, a commission in an official report proposed amendments of the Lotteries Act. One of the report's main issues is the regulation of Internet gaming. According to the present Lotteries Act the authority to grant licenses for Internet is reserved for the government. As of today, the government has granted test licenses to Svenska Spel, ATG and A-lotterierna. (A-lotterierna is a non-profit organization, which has as a principal aim to promote a public interest. They sell lotteries for the Swedish social democratic party.)

The commission proposed that the new Act should authorize the Swedish Gaming Board to grant licenses for operating Swedish Internet lotteries. According to the report, this possibility is reserved for Swedish legal entities that are non-profit associations, and the licenses shall be limited to traditional lotteries and betting.

The Gaming Machine Market

In 1997 and in 1999, there were changes in the in the lotteries' gaming machines. In January 2001, the National Board of Trade came to the conclusion that the changes should have been notified according to the EC-directive 8/34/EC. Two Swedish courts of appeal have come to the conclusion that the changes ought to have been notified. In accordance with community case law (C-194/94), the courts stated that the changes in question were inapplicable to individuals. The court decisions have the effect that certain gaming machines fall outside the scope of the Lotteries Act. The conflict between Swedish law and the EC law led to an increase in the number of unregulated gaming machines. New legislation is planned to set aside these problems and will come into force in the beginning of 2002.

The Gaming Market

According to the National Gaming Board, the Swedish people spent SEK 32 billion on gaming in 2000 (an increase of 2 percent from 1999). This corresponds to approximately SEK 3,600 per capita. The Swedes spend slightly more than 3 percent of their disposable income on gaming.

*Amusement Games With Prizes

Operators:

Svenska Spel (www.svenskaspel.se)

Year Lottery Founded: April 1997.
Sales FY 1997: SEK 11.3 billion
Sales FY 1998: SEK 12.7 billion
Sales FY 1999: SEK 13,3 billion
Sales FY 2000: SEK 13,4 billion

Net Profit: SEK 3,835 million

Winner's Share: SEK 7,281 million

Market Share: 43% including video lottery terminals; 34% excluding video lottery terminals

Number of Employees: 510

Games Offered: instant draw lotteries, add-on games, sports betting, oddsets, greyhound racing, lotto, keno, other lottery products, video lottery terminals

Proceeds: National Treasury (But the proceeds from the VLT's are going to youth activities of non-profit organizations.) Jurisdiction: Sweden

Background Information

Sweden's then two largest lottery organizations, AB Tip stjanst and Svenska Penninglotteriet merged in January 1997. The new organization changed its name to AB Svenska Spel in April 1997. Svenska Spel is a member of ESTLA* and a very active member of WLA.

2000 Highlights

Besides Svenska Spel's increase in net sales by 4.6 percent, other highlights in 2000 were:

• Despite greater competition from illegal gaming machines, VLTs are the fastest growing gaming form.
• Greyhound racing debuted in April successfully.
• Preparing casino operations in Sundsvall, Malmö and Göteborg.
• Introduction of new Internet games.
• The Swedish Football Association and Svenska Spel presented their joint venture TV-production company.
• Svenska Spel hosted the lottery world's first research seminar.
• A government commission presented its opinion on a new lottery legislation.

Focus

The main problem for Svenska Spel is the challenge from foreign Internet operators attracting the punters interested in sports bookmaking. Svenska Spel estimates that more than SEK 1 billion per year is spent in Sweden on gaming on these foreign websites.

Another increasing focus is problem gambling. All Svenska staff was provided training and information about matters related to problem gambling.

Casino Cosmopol

The year 2000 was one of intensive preparation and build-up for Svenka Spel's Casino Cosmopol. Efforts were mainly oriented toward finding suitable premises in the four cities chosen by the government for the first casinos, deciding on and procuring gaming machines and forms of gaming, recruiting personnel for the head office and the casino in Sundsvall. The most important task was to build up the entire concept for Casino Cosmopol and to formulate guidelines for operating the business.

Svenska Spel is the first state lottery in Europe that will include all kinds of games in its portfolio with a range of scratch tickets, numbers games, sports betting, Internet gambling, VLT's and now also casinos. Since the casinos are so special Svenska Spel has formed a special daughter company, Casino Cosmopol, for this business area which however is integrated into the mother company.

On Saturday June 30, 2001,Svenska Spel's CEO Meg Tivéus inaugurated Sweden's first genuine casino in 160 years. She opened the first (a restored old railway station in Sundsvall) of four Casino Cosmopol entertainment venues. In addition to Sundsvall, the casinos are to be located in Stockholm, Göteborg and Malmö. The Malmö casino a (restaurant in a centrally located park, once intended as a casino!) will be the next to open its doors, in December 2001.

In time, Casino Cosmopol, a subsidiary of Svenska Spel, will provide some 600 new jobs and generate between SEK 200 million and SEK 400 million annually in government revenue. The minimum age for admission to the casino is 20 and all patrons will be photographed.

Casino Cosmopol signed a five-year consultancy agreement with the Dutch state-owned company Holland Casino (www.hollandcasino.nl). That company has 24 years of experience starting and running state-owned international casinos.

Internet

Svenska Spel offered in 2000 six games via the Internet: Stryktipset (Soccer Pools), Italienska Stryktipset, Joker, the Oddset game Lången, Lotto and Kåeno. Weekly net sales for the company's "direct channel" have doubled since the introduction of Lången. Some 25,000 customers played during the year for 40 million, i.e., 0.3 percent of total net sales.

First Half of 2001

Svenska Spel, reports an increase in sales of 12 percent for the first six months of 2001. This is mainly due to the success of the Video Lottery Terminals (VLT's) in Sweden. The VLT games Jack Vegas (pubs and restaurants) and Miss Vegas (bingo halls) are now the biggest gaming product having superseded the most popular horse-betting game V 75. Almost all of the 7,500 permitted VLT's have now been installed.

The sports betting games Oddset and Greyhound Racing, the three scratch tickets and Keno also show an increase whilst Lotto and the other numbers games have not lived up to expectations so far.

Category	Sales in MSEK	%
Sports Betting	1,796	3.7%
Numbers Games	1,941	(- 2.7%)
Lotteries	1,812	1.7%
VLTs	1,990	62.7%
Total Jan-June	7,539

ATG (www.atg.se)

Year Lottery Founded: April 1973.
Sales FY 1997: SEK 9,5 billion
Sales FY 1998: SEK 9,8 billion
Sales FY 1999: SEK 10,177.4 million
Sales FY 2000: SEK 10,501.6 million

Net Profit FY 2000: SEK 2,493.5 million

Winner's Share: SEK 492.8 million

Market Share: 33 %

Number of Employees: 305

Number of Race Days: 1,014

Games Offered: V75, V64 (From August 1 ATG re-launched its V 64 after declining sales with a new jackpot structure.), The Sunday V5, V5, V3, The Daily Double, komb (first and second place), Win & Place, trio (three races broadcast live every day at lunchtime) and Harry Boy.

Proceeds: Horseracing world

Jurisdiction: Sweden

Share Ownership: 90 percent the Swedish Trotting Associations, 10 percent the Swedish Jockey Club

ATG's turnover in 2000 totaled SEK 10.5 billion, which represented a year-on-year increase of 3.2 perent. ATG's market share is 33 percent. V75 notched up a total turnover of SEK 3,650 million and for the third year in succession was Sweden's largest bet type of all categories. V75 customers attempt to forecast the winners in seven races. Dividends are payable for correct forecasts of the winners in seven, six or five races. Roughly 1million Swedes regularly place V75 bets, either individually or in a group, and dividends can be as high as SEK 20 million. In the event of a jackpot this figure can rise to SEK 50 million. The winner's share is 7,384.2 million SEK.

Internet

ATG's betting over the Internet increased during the year; 25,500 customers accounted for a turnover of almost SEK 350 million (3.3 percent of ATG's turnover). ATG also conducted a trial of betting via WAP telephones in collaboration with Ericsson and Telia.

Since April 2000, Danish customers have been able to place bets directly into the V75 pool. This is a positive development for Danish horse racing and represents one way for ATG to strengthen its position in international competition. It has been a couple of years since ATG's betting system was installed at DanToto

First Half of 2001

ATG's turnover over the first half of 2001 is up 3.1 percent.

Folkspel

Folkspel, a joint organization run by and for voluntary associations and clubs, which arranges a.o., the BingoLotto game, saw in 2000 a slight decrease in turnover, but its largest product, BingoLotto, recorded an increase in turnover of 1 percent after a number of years of falling figures. Other lotteries run for the benefit of voluntary associations and clubs, including bingo saw an overall drop in turnover.

BingoLotto (www.bingolotto.se)

BingoLotto Sweden, part of the IGS holding company (Interactive Gaming Systems), had a turnover of 350 Million Euro in 2000. Over 2.2 million BingoLotto tickets are sold weekly via sales outlets in Sweden. Youth sports clubs sell between 40,000 to 50,000 tickets weekly. From those sales, 40 percent goes directly to those clubs. Forty percent of the ticket sales will benefit good causes in Sweden and 48 percent of the turnover is prize money.

TV4 is the broadcaster of the weekly BingoLotto interactive TV program on prime time on Saturdays with a market share of 40 percent to 50 percent. IGS specializes in interactive entertainment concepts for TV and the Internet.

In April, 2001, Dutch Novamedia, the operator of both the Dutch National Postcode Lottery (www.postcodeloterij.nl) and the Dutch Sponsor Lottery (www.sponsorloterij.nl), took over Swedish IGS BingoLotto Sweden AB (www.igsnv.com). BingoLotto Sweden employees 80 people, according to IGS spokesman Per Ericsson. The exact price for the takeover has not been disclosed by the two parties involved. However, news media in Sweden mentioned the amount of US$10 Million.

Mr. Gert Eklund, the founder of BingoLotto and IGS, still owns BingoLotto International AB (with a staff of 20 people) and in Sweden he launched this summer a new lottery Sommarnöje (Summer Pleasure). This lottery, operated by nonprofit organizations, is considered as a flop. BingoLotto International AB still holds the rights to BingoLotto outside Sweden. In October 2001BingoLotto will be introduced in China and negotiations with Germany, Poland and the United Kingdom are far advanced.

First Half of 2001

BingoLotto's turnover over the first half year of 2001was up 10.6 percent.

Cherryforetagen AB www.cherry.se

Cherryforetagen AB is a Swedish gaming company quoted on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. Operations are concentrated on casino gaming, slot machines and the Internet. The main operations are conducted in restaurants, bingo halls and amusement parks in Sweden and onboard passenger and cruise vessels operating within Scandinavia. It has 200 casino licenses and operates gambling on 35 cruise ships. Cherry has 40 years experience in the gambling industry.

The company currently employs 61. With sales of SEK 344.06 million (US$32.5 million), this equates to sales of US$532,792 per employee. (See www.corporateinformation.com/secorp.html.)

Foreign-based operators

More than 10 foreign-based operators are competing on the Swedish market. They can offer more favorable gaming terms because their profits do not benefit society. According to Svenska Spel, more than SEK 1 billion per year is spent on gaming on these foreign websites.

Expekt.com

One of these foreign websites is solely for Internet sports betting operator www.expekt.com. Expekt.com is a bookmaker licensed in Malta, which means that their business is monitored by the Gaming Board for Malta and subject to Maltese laws and regulations. The company group of Expekt.com also has a betting license in the United Kingdom.

Short Facts about Expekt.com

• An international bookmaker group with offices in London and in Malta.
• Estimated turnover for 2001: US$50 million.
• Swedish initiative. Christian Haupt is the managing director.
• Site languages besides Swedish: English, Finnish, Norwegian, Danish, Spanish, German, Thais, Polish and Greek.
  
• Betting also on Swedish sports results.

14k Casino Gold (www.14kcasino.com)

Another casino targeting the Swedish (Scandinavian) market in the Swedish language is 14k Casino Gold (Svenskt Kasino)

The ESLTA

The ESLTA (European State Lottery and Toto Association) is the European association of State lotteries, toto companies and their operators. It groups State lotteries and toto companies of the EU member states as well as the lotteries of Iceland, Switzerland, Turkey, Israel, Cyprus, Malta, Gibraltar, Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic, Rumania, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Russia, Kazakhstan, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia and the FYROM. The ESTLA's members collect 50 billion Euro annually.

Supporting Industry

Top four Swedish companies by market capitalization (7/31/01) in millions SEK:

1. Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) - 415,347.5 (miscellaneous electronics)
2. Nordea AB - 174,462.1 (commercial banks)
3. H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB (publ) - 162,197.1 (apparel store chains)
4. Telia AB (publ) - 157,563.0 (telecommunications)

Two of these companies (Ericsson and Telia), both quoted on the Stockholm Stock Exchange, play an important role in the development of the high-tech Swedish lottery market:

Ericsson (www.ericsson.se)

Ericsson is the world's leading supplier in telecommunications with the largest customer base, including the world's top 10 operators. Ericsson provides total solutions covering everything from systems and applications to mobile phones and other communications tools.

Today Ericsson's operations are organized in five market areas:

• Western Europe
• Central & Eastern Europe, Middle East and Africa
• North America
• Latin America
• Asia Pacific

Ericsson is based in Stockholm and has key functions in London.

Since 1876, the company has been active worldwide, and it today operates in more than 140 countries. Annual investments in technical development average 15 percent of sales. These investments contribute to Ericsson's leadership in mobile infrastructure and mobile Internet, where the company is nearly twice the size of its closest competitor. Four out of every 10 mobile calls are handled by Ericsson equipment. (Also see www.corporateinformation.com/secorp.html.)

Mobile Betting

The "anytime, anywhere” capacity of mobile communications is going to revolutionize the gambling sector. In the highly competitive gambling industry, virtually all of the major established betting organizations already have online betting facilities.

The potential exists to place bets on anything, from sports events to political developments and weather reports, as well as dedicated games of chance. Datamonitor has forecast that the worldwide Internet betting market will be worth $4.9 billion by 2004.

There is significant existing technology uptake from consumers, with players already familiar with placing bets by telephone and over the internet. This makes the introduction of mobile gambling services not so much a case of developing new markets but penetrating further into an existing one.

For consumers, mobile gambling offers a simpler, cheaper way to place bets from any location at any time. They no longer have to travel to a betting shop, nor do they have to pay the service costs associated with placing a bet in a shop. The technology also facilitates last-minute or "impulse" bets, even as customers are walking into a sports stadium.

For service providers mobile gambling provides a dynamic new customer channel that doesn't conflict with their existing 'bricks-and-mortar' business. Casino-style games such as blackjack and roulette delivered to mobiles is another area of potential, individual country legislation permitting.

Swedish company ATG launched a complete WAP-based gaming service in December 2000 for a limited amount of customers and they are now in the final stages of their trial. A full-scale launch is due this year. The company has an existing Internet betting service, which comprised 3.2 percent of its total revenues--over $36 million in 2000, a figure that's expected to rise to 5 percent this year.

Targeted at its existing Internet betting demographic--mainly men between 20 and 35--the service allows players to use their WAP phones to place bets on coming races. Ericsson has been supplying infrastructure and consultancy services to ATG since the trial began in 1999.

Users start by opening an ATG account and paying a sum into it that acts as a pool from which betting funds are drawn. Users can then access ATG's Internet site via their WAP phone and select what they want to bet on.

Winnings are paid directly into the player's personal ATG account. With security being a major concern, access to the service is via an encrypted login procedure and users have to be Swedish residents, over 18 with a clean credit rating.

Telia (www.telia.com)

Telia is the leading Scandinavian Internet communication company. Operating from its position as the largest player in the expanding North European market, the firm has established a strong global presence with representation all over the world. The turnover of the company in 2000 was SEK 54,064 million. Government-controlled Telia, based in Stockholm, was partially privatized last year and has operations in more than 30 countries. The company employs 29,900 people. (Also see www.corporateinformation.com/secorp.html.)

Telia International Carrier www.telia.net

Telia's wholly owned subsidiary, Telia International Carrier, provides IP, capacity, voice, infrastructure services and carrier-neutral collocation solutions. Today, the company is the leading European carrier of transatlantic IP traffic to the USA.

Its wholly owned multi-fiber optic network, the Viking Network, provides high-capacity bandwidth and offers end-to-end connectivity round the world. The network is a giant investment-intensive venture designed to expand Telia International Carrier to cover Scandinavia, Europe and the USA by 2001. The infrastructure in Europe is designed as a multi-duct network connecting all significant cities with communication, supporting IP, voice and data. By the end of 2001, the network will cover 40,000 route kilometers throughout Europe and the USA, connecting 50 major cities.

SpeedyTomato www.speedytomato.com/net

Speedy Tomato is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Telia AB and was founded in September 2000. Speedy Tomato AB operates multi-access portals in the United Kingdom, Denmark, Finland and Italy. The company has around 100 employees in Sweden (with 60 of them working in the head office in Stockholm) Great Britain, Denmark, Italy and Finland. A joint venture between Olivetti's Tecnost and Speedy Tomato has been approved by the European Commission and will lead to the goal to become one of Europe's leading providers of mobile consumer services. Conceived as a tool to help people in their everyday live's, Speedy Tomato can be accessed in several ways, via the Web, by WAP or by PDA.

Sources in Sweden expect Speedy Tomato to come up with a European mobile gambling platform. Company spokesman Kent Jonsson, however, states diplomatically, "We are actually not launching a new gambling platform, but rather we have advanced plans of adding a suite of gambling services to the existing offer."

Boss Media AB (www.bossmedia.se)

The principal activity of Boss Media AB (quoted on the Stockholm Exchange), is the development, marketing and licensing of software for Internet casinos. The company supplies the market with licensed software containing client-server system, integrated payment system and the maintenance and administration services. The wholly owned subsidiary, Boss Casinos, owns the license for an online casino, Gold Club Casino. Software accounted for 58 percent of 2000 revenues; Gold Club Casino, 29 percent; service and support, 12 percent and other, 1 percent. (See also www.corporateinformation.com/secorp.html.)

Five individuals established Boss Media in the spring of 1997. The organization has rapidly expanded to include approximately 100 employees in three separate companies: Boss Media AB, Boss Casinos Ltd. ( management of 35 internet casinos), and Webdollar Ltd. Boss Media's two fully-owned subsidiaries, Boss Casinos and Webdollar, are based in the Caribbean nation of Antigua.

The parent company, Boss Media AB, is located in Vaxjo, Sweden. Its main objectives are to develop and sell new casino systems and to oversee the operations of its subsidiaries.

Boss Casinos Ltd.

Boss Casinos, located in St. John's, Antigua, is responsible for the maintenance and operation of sold casino systems, and provides customer service and support.

Webdollar Ltd.

Webdollar, also located in St. John's, Antigua, processes monetary transactions to and from the casinos operated by Boss Casinos.

Boss Media is working together with Svenska Spel, to develop custom Internet casino software for Svenska Spel's subsidiary, Casino Cosmopol. Cosmopol's online casino will serve primarily to market the first four traditional casinos that are scheduled to open in Sweden.

Ambassador Casino

Boss Media announced on August 6 the launch of Ambassador Casino, their most advanced online casino to date. A spokesperson for Ambassador commented, "We have made the enhancements entirely from a customer's perspective."

Among the casino's most notable enhancements is a progressive downloader/installer that is seamless to the user.

PricewaterhouseCoopers audits the casino's random number generator together with the monthly payouts. Furthermore, independent certification of the games for fairness is planned in the near future.

With a position of compliance leadership, Ambassador Casino operates only in a totally legal fashion. Ambassador Casino will not accept real play from minors or players in any jurisdiction where Internet gambling is illegal. Other measures to prevent underage gambling include voluntary registration with all Web-filtering organizations. Rigorous and proactive procedures have been integrated into the software and Ambassador Casino's management processes to ensure full legal compliance and social responsibility on a continuous basis.

Ambassador Casino is licensed by the Kahnawake Gaming Commission in Canada and is members of the Interactive Gaming Council.

EssNet (www.essnet.se)

Headquartered in Stockholm. EssNet is one of the leading lottery system suppliers designing, implementing and servicing on-line systems for lottery organizations that operate games like Lotto, Keno, Toto, Oddset and other sports betting games. EssNet currently supplies systems to 21 state-authorized lotteries in Europe, Australia, the Middle East and South America.

EssNet is a pioneer in the gaming industry. Founded in 1936, the company designed and manufactured the world's first coupon validator for Swedish Tipstjänst. Over the years, a number of EssNet innovations followed--solutions that laid a solid foundation for their position as a worldwide supplier of state-of-the-art lottery systems and services.

In 2000, the EssNet Group--consisting of EssNet AB in Stockholm, Sweden, and its fully owned subsidiaries in Germany, Hungary, Latvia and Portugal--was acquired by InterGame AS, which in turn is owned by several Norwegian and Swedish companies, all of them closely related to the IT, gaming and communications industries. The Norwegian telecommunications operator Telenor is one of the owners.

Since October last year, EssNet and Telenor are running a lottery system for Totolotek, the biggest sports betting operator in Poland.

EssNet Interactive AB was established in June 2001 to further strengthen EssNet's focus on gaming via the new lottery sales channels such as digital TV, PC's and mobile telephones.

QLot (www.QLot.com)

QLot Consulting is a Swedish corporation with offices in Europe and in North America. The Group was established in 1998 and has rapidly become one of the leading international lottery consulting companies, providing supplier-independent consulting to lotteries, governments, investors and lottery suppliers worldwide. QLot currently has clients on four continents, where business analysis, lottery start-ups, technology procurement and staff search have been some of the main activities.

QLot consists of Principal Consultants having thorough hands-on experience of all aspects of a lottery's business. QLot provides its international clients, primarily lotteries, with independent lottery consulting in all lottery-related issues, especially where computerized systems and/or agent networks are used. QLot is often referred to in conjunction with modern technology, including the Internet, and is a regular contributor to the industry press. QLot is also an associate member of the World Lottery Association.

Solna Leisure AB (www.solnaleisure.com)

Solna Leisure AB has been serving the casino and leisure industry since 1992. They specialize in providing management and consulting services and have a small highly experienced team with an average of approaching 20 years in the industry.

Solna Leisure is currently actively involved in projects around the world in Eastern Europe, Russia, South America and Africa. Some projects are up and running and have been open for a number of years, while others are still at the planning and pre-opening stage.

Eastern Europe

Solna's Flagship operation is the Metelitsa Entertainment Complex in Moscow, Russia, which has been open since June 1993. Solna is managing the project since the opening and is actively involved in the overall design concept and construction of the project. In St. Petersburg, Russia, Solna Leisure is managing the Aladdin casino and entertainment center since its opening in 1999.

Solna also has a joint venture developing casino management software and the first installations were made recently in Budapest, Hungary.

Finally, Solna has recently concluded an agreement to operate a casino in the Oreanda hotel, the premier location in Yalta, Ukraine, a beautiful resort area on the Black Sea.

South America

Solna owns and operates a casino in Lima, Peru that has been open a little over one year. Situated in the El Condado Hotel the Solna Casino offers a traditional approach to casino gaming in relaxed surroundings.